Oven



Aug. l0 1926.

s. F: JA'cKEs y OVEN .Filed Dec. 26. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 1o,1926.

l s. F. JAcKEs OVEN Filed Dec. 26, 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. l0 1926.

1,595,662 s. F. JAcKEs OVEN Filed Dec. 6, 1925 I5 Shee ts-Sheat 5 theinverted rack;

.te be desc bed.

Patented ug. 10, 1.926.

STANLEY F. JACKES, GF ST. LOUS, MSSOR, ASSIGNOEJ T9 JACES-EVATS MANU-FACTURING COJLYANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MSSOURI, A CGRFORATION O F MSSO'B/.

OVEN.

Application l'edvDecez/nber 26, 1925.

This invention relates to portable cookingV or baking ovens and withregard to certain more specific features to an improved body forportable. ovens and an improved lid therefor.

l Among the severalobjects of theL invention may be noted theprovisionof a baking or coolringoven having a removable ydouble bottom; one whichhas a lid adapted to conserve heat and yet improve a halted or cookedcproduct coming therefrom; and one which is economically yet ruggedlybuilt. Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed outhereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the features of construction,combinations of element-s 'and arrangements of parts which areexemplified in the structure hereinafter 'described and the scope of theapplication of which will be indicated in the following claims. ln theaccompanying erawings, in which is shown one of the various possibleembodiments ofthis invention,

. Fig. 1 is a plan view of the oven with the lid .or cover removed;

Fig. 2 is an ideal section taken vertically "on line 2-2 of Fig. landshows a cover applied; y

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig, 1 showing an inverted rack in the oven;

Fig. l is a view similar to Fig. 2

and shows Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional detail of a turned underedgeof a double bottom;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional detail showing the juncture between thebottom and side walls;

Fig. 7 is a top plan view of the cover; and

Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the cover.

Similar reference characters indicate co'rresponding parts throughoutthe several views ofthe drawings. i

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2 there is illustrated at1 a preferably light gage, sheet metal cylinder, beaded circularly ingirth at an upper at a lower level 5,

The urp-er bead 3 is rolled Qutvaldli' mi the' 10W-.er bead 5 is rolledoutwardly and wardly- 150th beads Serv@ Stienlls rurfposes! The loveron@ .5 hasotlietuections i luider is' also provided with 911tvhas hadfour oppositely level 3 and also Serial No. 77,858..

wardly formed and 9 at its upper ly. The beads l3 and 5 stiffening rollsor flanges 7 and lower ends respectivel and rolls Z and 9 are allintegrally vformed with the cylinder. The cylinder is preferablyprovided with a blue-steel finish to'prevent'corrosion and to enhanceits appearance.

Oppositely or otherwisecylinder A1, are handles or for purposes oflifting and transporting the oven. f,

The bottom of the oven comprises a substantially circular and fiat sheet13 which and equally spaced fastened to said segments removed fromthereof. At the places of removal of said segments, the material whichvcomprises the segment, has been turned in under the remainder of thesheet 13 to formv clips 15, 17,.

19 and 21.

Hence, the sheet 13 is adapted to be stamped substantially circularlyand then to have the said under turning operation for the clipsperformed upon it.

The diameter of the blank of the bottom sheet 13 is slightly greaterthan that of the inside of the cylinder 1. Hence by forcibly pushing thepreformed sheet downwardly into cylinder 1, said sheet is adapted torest upon the lower inwardly formed portion J3 of the crimp 5 in thecylinder. The fit between the bottom piece 13 and the cylinder 1 is asnug one, that is, intothe cylinder. As the outwardly turned upperportion 2.5 of the crimp 5 is reached, the bottom sheet 13 springs orsnaps outwardly into a more or less flat position. 1t is somewhatpermanently held in the out wardly and upwardly formed portion .215 ofthe crimp until a positive upward forceis applied to remove it. lts ownweightwill not cause spontaneous falling out of the said bottom piece13, should the cylinder be overturned. However, the bottom may beVremoved manually for purposes such as cleaning. rEhe portion 23positively prevents downward movement of the bottom.

Gne of the purposes of the turned down clips 15, 17, '1 9 and 21 is toholdup against the said bottom piece 13, a sub-.bottom 27. Thissub-bottom 2'? is formed'with a downwardly extending dome 29 .whosecircular rim 5l touches the bottone 134 -Qiltside 0f tlfis formeda'ridge ridge theede'e 35 et th'a'fii 13 @t the dem@ grips and 11,'

the original plane the piece 13 is sprung` l frames 51 and 53.

CTI

the sub-bottom 27 rests against the bottom 13.

The under turned clips 15, 17, 19 and 21 embrace the edge to hold thesub-bottoni 27 up against the bottom 13. As indicated in 5, after theclips are turned down to embrace t-he edge of the sub-bottom 27, saidclips are tightly punched to the bottom 27. The punch marks areindicated bj numeral 36. Upon slippinc' the bottom 13 and its appended'subi-bottom piece 27 down into the cylinder 1 to a seat on the inwardlower portion 23 and in the outward upper portion of the bead 5, thereare left four open segmental spaces 37, 39, lll and i3 between thestrips 15, 17, 19 and 21 respectively, and the cylinder wall. hes-espaces, combined with the inverter dome shape of the sub-bottom 27,serve to circulate warm air into the cylinder. Between the sheet 13 andthe sub-bottom 27 is attained an air chamber or pocket 30 which preventsburning of material in the oven under normal conditions.

The material and linish of the bottom i3 and sub-bottom 27 arepreferably the saine as the material and finish which comprise the saidcylinder 1.

The sub-bottom has no motion relative to the bottom 13, in so far as itsedges are held as described.

For purposes of holding contents within the oven there is provided awire rack e5. rEhe rack l5 comprises seven lengths. of wire.

Two lengths of wire comprise horizontal side rails el? and 1-9. Theserails are welded or otherwise fastened to loop-shaped end rilhe pairs ofcross pieces and 57 of the frames 51 and 53 respectively are bowedendwardly.

rllhe radius of the arc on which the bows and 57 are formed is slightlyless than the radius of the cylinder 1 and the length of the rack partsare such as to permit drop ping the rack into the oven without excessiveroom for play between the rack and cylinder.

The bows 55 and 57 subtend a greater angle on their radius circle thanthe edges of the openings 37, 39, 41 and i3 subtend on their radiuscircle, so that the pairs of legs 51 and 53 can not fall through thesaid openings in any position of the rack. rl`he last named result maybe accomplished in other ways.

Under the side rails 47 and 49 are welded or otherwise fastened, threeU-shaped wire lengths 59,61 and 63. Two of the U-shaped lengths 59 and61 are shaped alike and are set out to one side when their legs are fastened to the side rails.

'lhe other Ushaped length 63 is `of Wider constructionand extends out tothe other side of the rails when its legs are fastened.

thereto. within the interior of the said U-shapes 59 and 6l, preferablycentrally thereof.

Hence a grid is formed which is adapted to cover efficiently, theinterior horizontal projected area of the oven. Referringl to Figs. 1and 2 it is evident that the rails 47, i9 and the lei-shaped pieces forma shelflike grid for holding material in the oven and that said grid isheld up from the bottom of the oven by means of the frames 51 and 53.The members 55 and 57 form pairs of curved handles for lifting the rackel5 out from the oyen.

Now, should it be desired to place the articles within the oven downcloser to the oven bottom, it would only be necessary to remove the rach45 from its position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, invert the rack and replaceit, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and al. This inversion causes thehorizontal por tion of the rack 45 to be positioned nearer the bottom 13in so far as said portion was heretofore positioned above the center ofthe frames 51` and 53.

Hence `the materials or objects to be placed within the oven, may be setat a lower level and in closer proximity to the hot bottom by thisinversion.

it can be seen that by means of this inverting rack, articles may beplaced at advantageous points within the oven. Some articles may requireslow heating at lower temperatures -while others require fast heating athigher temperatures.

A high position of the grids fulfills the former condition while a lowposition fulfills the latter.

rllhe purpose of the four openings 37, 39, 4.1 and 43 is to give a goodlateral distribution of heat throughout the oven instead olf having;`the heat concentrated atsuchapoint as the fire happens to be beneath. p

The inverted dome shape of the sub-bottom 27 obviously aids thedistribution of heat by conducting` it to the openings. The sub-bottomalso protects the bottom 13 from the intense radiant heat of the lireand thereby prevents localization of heat in the oven. Consequently thepossibility of burnn ing objects within this oven is materially reduced,

1n order to improvedly cook and bake.

materials placed within the cylinder 1 an improved lid is providedtherefor (see Figs. 2, t, 7 and 8). This lid comprises a sheet metaldome 67 providedl with a downwardly shaped ridge 69 for strengtheningpurposes. The circular 67 is adapted to over reach thesaid upper roll 7of the cylinder 1 and to be itselfrolled inwardly and then downwardly.The inward rolling provides a lip for resting the cover on-the roll 7andthe downward formation results in. a Vertical cylindrical rlhe legsof the U-shape 63 fall` edge 71 of the dome lating i vided for heatedair rising from iange 73 adapted to slidably t the cylinder l. The lidis thereby guided into and lightly held to the cylinder l. lt should benoted that as the outer edge` ot the blanlr which forms the dome 67 isbent to term the flange 73, that crimping ridges Z are automaticallyformed. These ridges serve to aid in stitening the structure.

plurality o t holes 77 are formed in the dome 67, preferably outsidey ofthe ridge 69. il heat insulating' knob 79 is placed centrally of thedome G'Tk't'or lifting the lid as a whole.

The edge or lip '71,

serves to embrace the edge 8O oi' a beside serving as a rest,

horizontal reflecting batlie or diaphragm Si. The battle is preferablymade ot sheet metal (aluminum or tinne-d steel) and is provided with amore or less centrally located circuhol-e or vent 83. The lower surfaceoitl the battle 8l is provided with a` reti-ecting nish for reiiectingheat downwardly.

It should be noted that the preferable criterion tor the relativeplacement of the holes 77 and the hole 83 is that they shall beclisaligned, wheieby a tortuous passage is prothe cylinder l into andthrough the cover 65. The present 'form is further preferred, however,in that the central location ot the hole 83 provides a toituous passageot hot :air Ytroni the openings 3T, 39, 4l and i3 through the cylinderl. By means of the. .arrangement described.v circuitous circulation ofhot air through the oven is caused and no short circuit directly throughis permitted, The circulation itseltl improves the manner in which thecontained food is cooked or baked, while the circuitous arrangementdelays thel air in the oven whereby heat is conserved and better heatdistribution is attained. The result is an evenly cooked or baked foodproduct. llie hollow chamber 30 of the bottom aids in obtaining thelast-named result. The bright lower' heat reflecting surtace of thebaille 8l serves to detlect heat waves downwardly on materials withinthe oven thereby browning them. This is aA highly desirable result andimproves the cooked or halted product. rlhe reflection of heat asdescribed also conserves heat which would otherwise be convected throughthe sheet Sl to be lost in outward radiation. Furthermore, any outwardradiation that may taire place from the top of the sheet 81 is reducedbecause oi' the thermal insulating etliect. ot the warm air pocket 87between the dome 6T and the sheet Si. pocket circulates more or lessslowly due to the circuitou-sness ot its path. It may be notedV that thesaid circuitous path is increased by the ridge 69 in the dome 67.

it is believed that this invention will and it In view of the above, the@various features of he Clear without ,farther slabcratwn,

` rying out the cylinder and The air in saidl will be seen that with theapparatus herein described, the several objects of the invention areachieved and other advantageous results obtained.

As many changes could be made in carabove. construction withoutdeparting from the scope ot' the invention, intended that all mat-tercontained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawingsshall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a` limiting sense.

I claim:

l. An oven comprisinga cylinder, a. girth crimp in the cylinder, adouble bottom adapted to rest in said crimp and sideward openings let bythe condguration ot said bottoni; a cover comprising a dome, an integralouter lip formed therearound and an integral 'flange extending from thelip, said 'liange removably telescoping the upper end ot the the lipresting on the upper edge of said cylinder, a diaphragmA held by thesaid lip and disaligned openings in the dome and the diaphragm.

2. An oven comprising a cylinder, a girth crimp in the cylinder', a.double bottom adapted to rest in said crimp and sideward openings leftby the configuration o'l said bottom; a cover comprising a dome, anouter lip formed thercaround and a flange extending from the lip, saidflange removably telescoping the upper end of the cylinder and the lipresting on the upper edge oic said cylinder, a liaphragm held by thesaid lip and disaligned openings in the dome and the diaphragm.

An oven comprising a cylinder, a girth crimp in the cylinder, a doublebottom adapted to rest. in said crimp and sideward openings lett by theconiiguration of said bottoni; a cover comprising a` dome, an outer lipformed therearound and a iiange extending trom the lip, said tlangeremovably telescoping the upper end of the cylinder and the lip restingon the upper edge oi said cylinder, a diaphragm held by the said lip anddisaligned openings inthe dome and the diaphragm, the diaphragm having areilecting finish on t-he lower surface thereof.

Ll. A oven comprising cylinder, a double bottom t'or said cylinder, andsideward openings between the bottom and the cylinder, a covercomprising dome adapted to removably cooperate with the upper edge ofthe cylinder, diaphragm formed across the` cover beneath said domehaving. a reflecting iinish on the lower suriace, and disalignedopenings in the dome and diaphragm, the diaphragm openings beingdisaligned with said openings in said bottom.

.in testimony whereoii,l have signed my naine to this specification this24th day or" Deceinbl i925.

Y F.' J...-

it is

